EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACT(S) IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

              

EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC POTENTIAL OF PLANT EXTRACT(S) IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

1.0  INTRODUCTION:

Diabetes mellitus is a group of syndromes characterized by hyperglycemia; altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins; and an increased risk of complications from vascular disease. Diabetes mellitus, one of the most common endocrine metabolic disorders has caused significant morbidity and mortality due to microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular (heart attack, stroke and peripheral vascular diseases) complications. Streptozotocin (STZ) is an antibiotic that can cause pancreatic β-cell destruction, so it is widely used experimentally as an agent capable of inducing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), also known as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). 

 

2.0  TEST SYSTEM DETAILS:

Species             : Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

Strain                : Wistar

Age                   : 8-10 weeks

Body Wight       : 180-200 g

Sex                   : Male

No. of animals   : 8 /Group

 

3.0  ALLOCATION OF GROUPS:

Groups	Treatment	Dose; ROA (p.o.)	No. of Animals
G1	Normal Control	Normal saline or 0.25% Na-CMC	8
G2	Diabetic Control	Normal saline or 0.25% Na-CMC	8
G3	Reference Drug- Metformin	150 mpk; p.o.	8
G4	Plant Extract-1	X mpk	8
G5	Plant Extract-2	XX mpk	8
G6	Plant Extract-3	XXX mpk	8

*The doses and ROA (Routes of administration) will be decided based on the type of reference drug

 

4.0 METHODOLOGY:

·  Diabetes will be induced in Wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in cold sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5 at the dose of 50 mg/kg.

·       The rats will be free access to 5% of glucose water and basal diet ad libitum during the next 24 hours.

·       Blood samples will be obtained from retroorbital plexus in STZ injected animals at 72 h, after an overnight fast.

·     The rats having blood glucose levels (fasting) above 250 mg/dl will be used for the study.

·   The diabetic animals will be allowed free access to water, pellet diet, and will be maintained at room temperature in plastic cages. 

·       Diabetic rats will be randomized based on the blood glucose level into six groups of 8 animals each.

·    Group G1 and G2 animals will be treated as normal control (without diabetes) and diabetic control respectively.

·       Both the groups will be administered with normal saline or 0.25% Na- CMC.

·      Animals of group G3 will be treated as reference control and administered Metformin at the dose of 150 mg/kg; p.o.

·       Similarly, animals of group G4, G5 and G6 will be administered with plant extract at different doses.

·       All the treatments will be carried out for a period of 21 or 28 days.

·       Body weight of the animals will be recorded every week.

·     The fasting blood samples will be collected on day 0 (before treatment) 7, 14, 21 and 28 to determine the glucose level.

·       At the end of the experiment, blood will be collected by snip-cut at the tip of the tail under mild anesthesia and serum will be separated by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 10 min.

·       Serum samples will be processed for biochemical estimation.

·       Animals will be humanely sacrificed; pancreas will be isolated, weighed and processed for histopathological analysis.

 

5.0 END POINT PARAMETER(S):

·       Clinical observation

·       Feed water consumption

·       Body Weight (day ‘0’, 7, 14, 21 and 28)

·       Blood glucose level (day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28)

·       Urine sugar level (day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28)

·       Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA/c)

·       Lipid Profile- TC, HDL, LDL, VLDL, TG

·       Renal Function Profile- Urea, Creatinine, and Uric acid

·       Liver Function Profile - Albumin, Globulin, Total Bilirubin, AST, ALT

·       Histopathology of Pancreas tissue

 

6.0  REFERENCE(S):

6.1Davis SN, Granner DK. Insulin, oral hypoglycemic agents, pharmacology of the endocrine pancreas. In: Goodman and Gilman’s. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 10th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2001:1679-1714.

6.2 Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004;27(5):1047-1053.

6.3 Patel DK, Kumar R, Prasad SK, Sairam K, Hemalatha S. Antidiabetic and in vitro antioxidant potential of Hybanthus enneaspermus (Linn) F. Muell in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2011; 1:316-322.

6.4 Onakpa Michael Monday, Asuzu Isaac Uzoma. Histological changes and antidiabetic activities of Icacina trichantha tuber extract in beta-cells of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2013; 3(8): 628-633.

6.5 Sze Han Ng, Mohd Shazwan Mohd Zain, Fatariah Zakaria, Wan Rosli Wan Ishak, and Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad. Hypoglycemic and Antidiabetic Effect of Pleurotus sajor-caju Aqueous Extract in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Biomed Res Int. 2015; 2015: 214918.

6.6 G Rajiv Gandhi and P Sasikumar. Antidiabetic effect of Merremia emarginata Burm. F. in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2012 Apr; 2(4): 281–286.

6.7  Source Research Needs YouTube Channel: Diabetes-Induced Erectile Dysfunction Video

                                                 END OF DOCUMENT

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