To design a Standard Operating Procedure that describes the procedure for operation, maintenance and calibration of Pressure Application Measurement.
2.0 SCOPE
This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is applicable for the operation, maintenance and calibration of hot plate for Pharmacology studies conducted at laboratory.
3.0 RESPONSIBILITY
3.1 All personnel in the Pharmacology Department shall be responsible for implementation and compliance to the SOP.
3.2 Head/Designees/Scientist/Study Directors of Pharmacology department shall be responsible to ensure the implementation and compliance to the SOP.
4.0 DISTRIBUTION
4.1 The quality assurance department responsible to keep SOP ‘Master Copy’ approved through Quality Manager.
4.2 The copy of ‘Control Copy’ of all SOPs is being distributed in department and placed near related Equipment/ Instrument as ‘Display Copy’.
5.0 DEFINITION(S)
5.1 Definition(s)
5.1.1 The PAM is an instrument used to measure mechanical pain threshold in experimental joint hypersensitivity models and chronic joint inflammation in rodents.
6.0 ABBREVIATION(S)
3.0 RESPONSIBILITY
3.1 All personnel in the Pharmacology Department shall be responsible for implementation and compliance to the SOP.
3.2 Head/Designees/Scientist/Study Directors of Pharmacology department shall be responsible to ensure the implementation and compliance to the SOP.
4.0 DISTRIBUTION
4.1 The quality assurance department responsible to keep SOP ‘Master Copy’ approved through Quality Manager.
4.2 The copy of ‘Control Copy’ of all SOPs is being distributed in department and placed near related Equipment/ Instrument as ‘Display Copy’.
5.0 DEFINITION(S)
5.1 Definition(s)
5.1.1 The PAM is an instrument used to measure mechanical pain threshold in experimental joint hypersensitivity models and chronic joint inflammation in rodents.
6.0 ABBREVIATION(S)
6.2 Abbreviation(s)
6.2.1 SOP : Standard Operating Procedure
6.2.2 LAF : Laboratory Animal Facility
6.2.3 CPU : Central Processing Unit
6.2.4 USB : Universal Serial Bus
6.2.5 SW : Software
6.2.6 PAM : Pressure Application Measurement
7.0 PROCEDURE
7.1 Introduction
6.2 Principle
The force transducer or force sensor is mounted on the thumb and a quantifiable force is applied to the joint of animal which elicits the animal response (normally, limb withdrawal). The instrument automatically detects the animal response and record.
6.2.1 SOP : Standard Operating Procedure
6.2.2 LAF : Laboratory Animal Facility
6.2.3 CPU : Central Processing Unit
6.2.4 USB : Universal Serial Bus
6.2.5 SW : Software
6.2.6 PAM : Pressure Application Measurement
7.0 PROCEDURE
7.1 Introduction
The PAM is designed to evaluate the mechanical stimulation and assessment of joint pain and especially in arthritis. It applies a quantifiable force with the help of special force sensor for direct stimulation of the joint and automatic readout of the animal response (normally, limb withdrawal). PAM device comes standard with two force sensors, a large one useful for stimulating rat joints, a smaller sensor recommended to test mice however an optional paw transducer/applicator is also available, to stimulate the animal paw.
The force transducer or force sensor is mounted on the thumb and a quantifiable force is applied to the joint of animal which elicits the animal response (normally, limb withdrawal). The instrument automatically detects the animal response and record.
Figure 1: Use of Force Transduce
6.3 Instrument description
Figure 2: Setup of Pressure Application Measurement
6.3.1 Electronic unit
The electronic unit is lodged in a compact box. The three buttons below the display are soft buttons whose function changes at different stages of the PAM program. This unit has internal rechargeable battery which shall be charged automatically when external power shall supplied to its miniature USB ‘B’ socket, either from a PC or from a suitable USB power adapter. A fully charged battery shall operate PAM continually with its display at maximum brightness for approximately 16 hours. A relevant feature of the PAM electronics is the Ratemeter which provides a visual cue to make sure the desired force is applied at a consistent rate.
6.3 Instrument description
Figure 2: Setup of Pressure Application Measurement
6.3.1 Electronic unit
The electronic unit is lodged in a compact box. The three buttons below the display are soft buttons whose function changes at different stages of the PAM program. This unit has internal rechargeable battery which shall be charged automatically when external power shall supplied to its miniature USB ‘B’ socket, either from a PC or from a suitable USB power adapter. A fully charged battery shall operate PAM continually with its display at maximum brightness for approximately 16 hours. A relevant feature of the PAM electronics is the Ratemeter which provides a visual cue to make sure the desired force is applied at a consistent rate.
Figure 3: Setup of Electronic Unit
And this unit stores hundred tests, which shall be transferred to a PC when required.
6.3.2 Joint transducers (small and large)
The small and large joint transducers are provided with instrument which are use to apply force to the joints (for example to study animal models of arthritis) of mice and rats but they can be used also for other parts of the animal body, including muscles and paws, or for other joints, such as the ankle. Each transducer contains a memory chip which identifies the type of transducer and its specific characteristics including all relevant factory calibration information. This feature allows PAM to adjust automatically to each transducer and ensures that transducers.
And this unit stores hundred tests, which shall be transferred to a PC when required.
6.3.2 Joint transducers (small and large)
The small and large joint transducers are provided with instrument which are use to apply force to the joints (for example to study animal models of arthritis) of mice and rats but they can be used also for other parts of the animal body, including muscles and paws, or for other joints, such as the ankle. Each transducer contains a memory chip which identifies the type of transducer and its specific characteristics including all relevant factory calibration information. This feature allows PAM to adjust automatically to each transducer and ensures that transducers.
Figure 4: Joint Transducer
6.3.3 Paw pressure applicator
The force sensor is mounted into a hand-held device which consists of a cone shaped applicator to stimulate the animal’s paw with a Randall-Selitto approach. The same principle can be applied to the animal’s tail or muscles.
Figure 5: Randall-Selitto
6.3.4 Foot padel
Plug one the touch-stimulation transducer and the foot pedal into the connector located on the back panel of the PAM electronic unit.
6.3.5 Operations
6.3.5.1 After charging the PAM for at least 3 hours, plug in the touch-stimulation transducer and turn the instrument ON by pressing the ON/OFF button.
6.3.5.2 Once the introduction screen shall be completed, the initial menu shall appear.
6.3.5.3 The lower line of the display indicates the current functions of the three soft buttons labelled F1, F2 and F3 than press ‘Measure’.
6.3.5.4 After a few seconds, the instrument completes an auto zero operation than Press ‘Select this’.
6.3.5.5 Check that no force shall be applied to the connected transducer and then press ‘Test’.
6.3.5.6 For as long as the force shall be applied steadily, the force value shall be indicate the applied force in gf and the time remaining shall indicate the number of seconds left to complete the test.
6.3.5.7 When the transducer shall be released, the screen changes, and showing the peak force and the reaction time in seconds and then press following key
ACCEPT EXIT NEXT OPERATION
6.3.5.8 The stored data shall be loaded and after 1-2 seconds the display shows.
6.3.5.9 The most relevant information of each measurement like date, time, progressive number of the measurement, automatic or foot pedal measurement mode, peak force, peak time) are shown and the measurements shall be browsed by simply pressing ‘Next’.
6.3.5.10 Then Press ‘Exit’ to return to the main menu.
6.3.5.11 Press the ON/OFF button to switch OFF the PAM.
6.3.5.12 View acquired data
The total number of stored measurements shall be displayed by selecting the ‘View Acquired Data’ from the Measure menu.
6.3.5.13 Transfer data to pc
The PAM shall be connected to the PC via the USB cable supplied and that the PC shall be running the appropriate DCA software to transfer the data from PAM to PC.
6.3.5.14 Memory status
This menu indicates the Memory Status PAM that the data memory shall be available to store further measurements or not.
6.4 Maintenance
While any service of the instrument ought to be carried out by Ugo Basile personnel or by qualified personnel authorized by UGO BASILE organization, this section of the instruction manuals describes normal maintenance procedures which can be carried out at your facility.
6.4.1 Long inactivity
The instrument shall not require any particular maintenance after long inactivity.
6.4.2 Customer support
For any further information user may desire concerning the use and/or maintenance of the PAM, (http://www.ugobasile.com/support.html)
7.0 PRECAUTIONS
7.1 All personal protective equipments like apron, gloves, mask, head caps, shoes cover should be worn before using the instrument.
7.2 Press Keys softly.
7.3 Clean the equipment with a dry piece of robe or a lightly moistened one, Do not use organic solutions,
7.4 Never use abrasive products or dissolvents.
7.5 Never pour water or liquids on the equipment.
7.6 Once you have finished using the equipment turn it off by using main switch, clean and check the equipment so that it is in optimal conditions when you use again.
7.7 User is only authorized to replace fuses by the specified type it was necessary.
7.8 The software provided with the PAM shall be installed on a suitable Windows PC, running Windows Vista, 7, 8 or XP only.
7.9 Do not connect up human subjects.
7.10 Do not operate the instrument in hazardous environments or outside of prescribed environmental limitations i.e. 18°C- 24°C and 60% relative humidity.
7.11 Keep inflammables far from the instruments.
7.12 Do not apply force while the instrument shall carry out the auto zero procedure.
7.13 Ensures that the PAM clock and the PC clock are synchronized when data transfer from PAM to PC.
8.0 REFERNCES
8.1 References
8.1.1 B.Y. Cooper et alia: “Exposure to Gulf War Illness Chemicals Induces Functional Muscarinic Receptor Maladaptations in Muscle Nociceptors” NeuroToxicology 54: 99-110, 2016
8.1.2 A. David-Pereira et alia: “Metabotropic Glutamate 5 Receptor in the In-fralimbic Cortex Contributes to Descending Pain Facilitation in Healthy and Arthritic Animals” Neuroscience 312:108-119, 2016
8.1.3 T.J. Nutter et alia: “A Delayed Chronic Pain Like Condition with Decreased KV Channel Activity in a Rat Model of Gulf War Illness Pain Syndrome” NeuroToxicology 51: 67-69, 2015.
8.1.4 D. Amorim et alia: “Amitriptyline reverses hyperalgesia and improves as-sociated mood-like disorders in a model of experimental monoarthritis” Behav. Brain Res 265: 12-21, 2014
8.1.5 S. Mohammadi et alia: “α9-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Contribute to the Maintenance of Chronic Mechanical Hyperalgesia, but not Thermal or Mechanical Allodynia” Molecular Pain 10(64): 1-9, 2014
8.1.6 B. Cooper: “Synergistic Actions of Pyridostigmine Bromide and Insecti-cides on Muscle and Vascular Nociceptors” DTIC Document, Jan 2014
8.1.7 T. Schwagarus et alia: “A New Method for Measuring CFA-induced Mechanical Hyperalgesia in the Rat” Evotec 2012
8.1.8 38550: P.M. Raundal et alia: “Pre-Test Habituation Improves the Reliability of a Handheld Test of Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold in Dairy Cows” Res. In Vet. Science 102: 189-195, 2015
8.1.9 38550: P. Di Giminiani et alia: “Capsaicin-induced Neurogenic Inflammation in Pig Skin: A Behavioural Study” Res. In Vet Science 96(3): 447-453, 2014
8.1.10 38550: P. Di Giminiani et alia: “Nociceptive responses to thermal and mechanical stimulations in awake pigs” Eur. J. Pain 17(5): 638-648, 2013
END OF THE DOCUMENT
8.1.1 B.Y. Cooper et alia: “Exposure to Gulf War Illness Chemicals Induces Functional Muscarinic Receptor Maladaptations in Muscle Nociceptors” NeuroToxicology 54: 99-110, 2016
8.1.2 A. David-Pereira et alia: “Metabotropic Glutamate 5 Receptor in the In-fralimbic Cortex Contributes to Descending Pain Facilitation in Healthy and Arthritic Animals” Neuroscience 312:108-119, 2016
8.1.3 T.J. Nutter et alia: “A Delayed Chronic Pain Like Condition with Decreased KV Channel Activity in a Rat Model of Gulf War Illness Pain Syndrome” NeuroToxicology 51: 67-69, 2015.
8.1.4 D. Amorim et alia: “Amitriptyline reverses hyperalgesia and improves as-sociated mood-like disorders in a model of experimental monoarthritis” Behav. Brain Res 265: 12-21, 2014
8.1.5 S. Mohammadi et alia: “α9-Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Contribute to the Maintenance of Chronic Mechanical Hyperalgesia, but not Thermal or Mechanical Allodynia” Molecular Pain 10(64): 1-9, 2014
8.1.6 B. Cooper: “Synergistic Actions of Pyridostigmine Bromide and Insecti-cides on Muscle and Vascular Nociceptors” DTIC Document, Jan 2014
8.1.7 T. Schwagarus et alia: “A New Method for Measuring CFA-induced Mechanical Hyperalgesia in the Rat” Evotec 2012
8.1.8 38550: P.M. Raundal et alia: “Pre-Test Habituation Improves the Reliability of a Handheld Test of Mechanical Nociceptive Threshold in Dairy Cows” Res. In Vet. Science 102: 189-195, 2015
8.1.9 38550: P. Di Giminiani et alia: “Capsaicin-induced Neurogenic Inflammation in Pig Skin: A Behavioural Study” Res. In Vet Science 96(3): 447-453, 2014
8.1.10 38550: P. Di Giminiani et alia: “Nociceptive responses to thermal and mechanical stimulations in awake pigs” Eur. J. Pain 17(5): 638-648, 2013
END OF THE DOCUMENT
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