WHO Toxicity Classification of Pesticides or WHO Toxic Categories

WHO Toxicity Classification of Pesticides or WHO Toxic Categories

The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies pesticides by acute hazard using rat LD50 values (the lethal dose required to kill 50% of a test population) for short-term oral and dermal exposure.

WHO Toxicity Classes and LD50 Thresholds

· Class Ia (Extremely Hazardous):

Oral LD50: < 5 mg/kg (solids), < 20 mg/kg (liquids)

Dermal LD50: < 10 mg/kg (solids), < 40 mg/kg (liquids)

· Class Ib (Highly Hazardous):

Oral LD50: 5--50 mg/kg (solids), 20--200 mg/kg (liquids)

Dermal LD50: 10--100 mg/kg (solids), 40--400 mg/kg (liquids)

· Class II (Moderately Hazardous):

Oral LD50: 50--500 mg/kg (solids), 200--2000 mg/kg (liquids)

Dermal LD50: 100--1000 mg/kg (solids), 400--4000 mg/kg (liquids)

· Class III (Slightly Hazardous):

Oral LD50: > 500 mg/kg (solids), > 2000 mg/kg (liquids)

Dermal LD50: > 1000 mg/kg (solids), > 4000 mg/kg (liquids)

· Class U (Unlikely to Present Acute Hazard):

Oral LD50: ≥ 2000 mg/kg (solids), ≥ 3000 mg/kg (liquids) in normal use.

Basic Rules:

· Active Ingredients vs. Formulations: The baseline classification applies to technical active ingredients, but actual commercial product formulations are evaluated separately based on concentration.

· Stricter Route Prevails: If the dermal LD50 places a substance into a more restrictive/hazardous class than the oral LD50, the more restrictive class is assigned.

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